Hypoglycemia, or low blood sugar, is defined as blood sugar levels below 70 mg/dL (3.9 mmol/l). A blood glucose level of below 54 mg/dL indicates level 2 or severe hypoglycemia.7

Hyperglycemia, or high blood sugar, is defined as levels at or above 180 mg/dL (7.8 mmol/). "mg/dL" stands for milligrams per deciliter and is a way of measuring how much of a substance (in this case, a form of blood sugar called glucose) is found in your blood.7

Hyperglycemia may be the result of diet, physical activity, and medication imbalance. High blood sugar symptoms may also happen when you are sick or stressed.3

Unlike symptoms of hypoglycemia, symptoms of hyperglycemia may not be as obvious, such as frequent urination, increased thirst, or blurred vision.1

As severity increases, symptoms include dry mouth, abdominal pain, nausea/vomiting, diarrhea, shortness of breath, confusion, or loss of consciousness.

Sometimes, hyperglycemia signs can be unusual, like fruity-smelling breath.1 If you are concerned about any of these symptoms, you should measure your blood glucose and follow your healthcare provider instructions.

Unlike common signs of low blood sugar such as shakiness, sweating, or irritability, severe hypoglycemia can trigger seizures or convulsions. When blood sugar levels drop too low, the brain is deprived of its essential fuel, leading to abnormal electrical activity and seizures. This is a particular concern for newborns and young children who have high energy needs, as well as for adults with diabetes who experience unpredictable blood sugar swings.6

Severe hypoglycemia can present with neuroglycopenic symptoms like confusion. and behavior changes, which may quickly progress to seizures. Prolonged or recurrent low blood sugar can also cause lasting brain changes that increase the risk for long-term neurological damage. Recognizing the warning signs and managing low blood sugar promptly is essential to prevent chronic complications.6

If you or a loved one experiences symptoms such as sudden confusion, loss of consciousness, or unexplained convulsions during a low blood sugar episode, seek emergency care immediately. The CONTOUR^®NEXT GEN Blood Glucose Monitoring System can help monitor your blood sugar levels for any situation that may arise.

Blood sugar drops can be life-threatening, so it is important to follow up with your healthcare provider for ongoing management.6